Heart failure device could prevent hospitalisation

More than 140K people in Australia (0.6%) live with heart failure in Australia, with almost twice as many men compared to women experiencing the condition.

Every nine minutes one person in the country is hospitalised due to heart failure, resulting in around 170 hospitalisations a day.

Now, international researchers have developed a device that may be able to detect signs of fluid overload, and could be used to monitor patients with heart failure, and help prevent hospital admissions. Costly hospital admissions could be prevented if fluid accumulation in the heart could be detected earlier to allow for medical intervention aimed at reducing fluid overload, the study suggests.

Currently, patients with heart failure are admitted to hospital many times during their disease for treatment with intravenous (IV) diuretics for the relief of congestion; and current methods to detect congestion rely on expensive, invasive monitoring through functions in specially designed pacemakers or by monitoring pressures in the lung using a sensor implanted directly in the lung.

With an aim to find a viable alternative to current methods, the research team trailed the use of the non-invasive, Sensinel Cardiopulmonary Management System, from Analog Devices Inc (ADI), which uses multiple sensors to measure a number of physiological parameters. They found that the device was able to detect changes in fluid in patients with heart failure who had been admitted to hospital to receive fluid removal, either by decongestion therapy or haemodialysis.

Overall the research showed that the device performed well, and was also additionally able to detect the changes in fluid and weight in patients as they had fluid removed. The researchers believe that this new wearable sensor device, worn by patients for less than five minutes each day, shows promise as a method of monitoring patients with heart failure and detecting fluid overload, and potentially reducing hospital admissions.

Study lead Dr James Curtain, Honorary Clinical Research Fellow at the University of Glasgow's School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, said, "We found that the Sensinel CPM system was able to detect important changes in the fluid status in our patients. Many of the measurements taken by the device were able to detect changes in our patients as they had fluid removed."

Senior author on the study Professor Pardeep Jhund, Professor of Cardiology and Epidemiology at the University of Glasgow, said the team was excited about the study results. The Sensinel CPM system captures numerous vital patient measurements, aligning closely with the metrics we rely on in clinical practice to identify fluid overload, Jhund said.

"As the device is designed to be used by patients at home, we hope that in the future that we can give the device to patients and detect fluid accumulation early, thereby allowing us to alter their medication and prevent them from needing a costly hospital admission. As the device is only worn for less than five minutes twice a day this could be a real alternative to expensive implanted monitors or monitors that have to be worn all the time.

"The next step will be to conduct a large trial to determine if the device can detect fluid accumulation in patients who use it at home and provide sufficient warning so that we can reduce hospitalisations in those patients who use the device."

Dr Tony Akl, Senior Director of Biomedical and Clinical at ADI, said the study aims to validate non-invasive measurements that can identify warning signs for patients at risk before hospitalisation is needed.

Dr Venu Gopinathan, Fellow and Managing Director of Medical Products Group at ADI said, "The collaboration with University of Glasgow facilitated a critical clinical oversight that allowed us to choose the right physiological parameters to monitor."

The paper, 'Measuring congestion with a non-invasive monitoring device in heart failure and haemodialysis: CONGEST-HF,' is published in the European Journal of Heart Failure.

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